This Encyclopedia defines the discipline by bringing together the core of knowledge from all fields encompassed by AI. The articles are written primarily for the professional from another discipline who is seeking an understanding of AI as well as factualinformation, and secondarily for the lay reader who wants an overview of the entire field or information on one specific aspect. The Encyclopedia clarifies and corrects misperceptions as well as providing a proper understanding of artificial intelligence. Each article has a bibliography. The Encyclopedia has a total of 5400 references. There are approximately 450 tables and figures. The Encyclopedia has been prepared with the cooperation of an editorial advisary board of distinguished authorities (205 authors and 180 referees). Stressing readability, accuracy, and completeness of facts as well as overall usefulness of material, this great work brings you the result of years of labor and experience.