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Preface PART I: LOOKING AT PSYCHOLOGY FROM A POSITIVE PERSPECTIVE 1.Welcome to Positive Psychology Going From the Negative to the PositivePositive Psychology Seeks a Balanced, More Complete View of Human FunctioningWhere We Are Now and What We Will Ask What's Your Face? A PositivePsychology Passport Picture A Guide to This Book The Big PictureAppendix Key Terms 2. Western Perspective on Positive Psychology Hope:Ubiquitous Yet Hidden Hope as Part of Greek Mythology Religious Hope inWestern Civilization Revision of the History of Hope in WesternCivilization Conclusions Key Terms 3. Eastern Perspectives on PositivePsychology A Matter of Perspective Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, andHinduism East Meets West Different Ways to Positive Outcomes FinalThoughts Key Terms 4. Classifications and Measures of Human Strengths andPositive Outcomes Classifications and Measures of Human StrengthsPositive Outcomes for All Identifying Strengths and Moving Toward a VitalBalance Note Key Terms PART II: POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY IN CONTEXT 5.Developing Strengths and Living Well in a Cultural Context Culture andPsychology Understanding Culture: A Matter of Perspective PositivePsychology: Culture Free or Culturally Embedded? Putting PositivePsychology in a Cultural Context Final Thoughts on the Complexity ofCultural Influences Key Terms 6. Living Well at Every Stage of LifeResilience in Childhood Positive Youth Development The Life Tasks ofAdulthood Successful Aging A More Developmental Focus in PositivePsychology Key Terms PART III: POSITIVE EMOTIONAL STATES AND PROCESSES 7.The Principles of Pleasure: Understanding Positive Affect, Positive Emotions,Happiness, and Well-Being Defining Emotional Terms Distinguishing thePositive and the Negative Positive Emotions: Expanding the Repertoire ofPleasure Happiness and Subjective Well-Being: Living a Pleasurable LifeMoving Toward the Positive Key Terms 8. Making the Most of EmotionalExperiences: Emotion-Focused Coping, Emotional Intelligence, SocioemotionalSelectivity, and Emotional Storytelling Emotion-Focused Coping:Discovering The Adaptive Potential of Emotional Approach EmotionalIntelligence: Learning the Skills That Make a Difference SocioemotionalSelectivity: Focusing in Later Life on Positive Emotions and Emotion-RelatedGoals Emotional Storytelling: The Pennebaker Paradigm as a Means ofProcessing Intense Negative Emotions Working With Emotions to Bring AboutPositive Change An Emotional Balancing Act Key Terms PART IV: POSITIVECOGNITIVE STATES AND PROCESSES 9. Seeing Our Futures Through Self-Efficacy,Optimism, and Hope Fascination With the Future Self-EfficacyOptimism Hope Putting Temporal Futures in Perspective CulturalCaveats About Temporal Perspective Appendix A: A Summary of Hope TheoriesAppendix B: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Items Key Terms 10.Wisdom and Courage: Two Universal Virtues Wisdom and Courage: Two of aKind Theories of Wisdom Becoming and Being Wise Theories of CourageBecoming and Being Courageous Courage Research Finding Wisdom andCourage in Daily Life The Value of Wisdom and Courage Key Terms 11.Mindfulness, Flow, and Spirituality: In Search of Optimal ExperiencesMoment-to-Moment Searches Mindfulness: In Search of Novelty Flow: InSearch of Absorption Spirituality: In Search of the Sacred The TrueBenefits of Spirituality? The Search Continues Key Terms PART V:PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR 12. Empathy and Egotism: Portals to Altruism, Gratitude,and Forgiveness Altruism Gratitude Forgiveness The SocietalImplications of Altruism, Gratitude, and Forgiveness "I Have a Dream":Toward a Kinder, Gentler Humankind Appendix A: The Helping Attitude ScaleAppendix B: The Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Items From GQ-6 Appendix C:The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) Appendix D: TheTransgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Scale (TRIM) Key Terms 13.Attachment, Love, and Flourishing Relationships Infant Attachment AdultAttachment Security Love Flourishing Relationships: A Series ofPurposeful Positive Relationship Behaviors The Neurobiology ofInterpersonal Connection More on Flourishing Relationships Building aPositive Psychology of Close Relationships Key Terms PART VI:UNDERSTANDING AND CHANGING HUMAN BEHAVIOR 14. Balanced Conceptualizations ofMental Health and Behavior Moving Toward Balanced ConceptualizationsOur Fascination With Abnormal Behavior Neglect of the Environment and ofthe Positive The Lack of a Developmental Emphasis DifficultiesUnderstanding Behavior in a Cultural Context The Limits of the CategoricalDiagnostic System Going Beyond the DSM-IV Framework Key Terms 15.Interceding to Prevent the Bad and Enhance the Good In the Words of aPsychotherapy Client... Primary Prevention: "Stop the Bad Before ItHappens" Secondary Prevention (Psychotherapy): "Fix the Problem"Primary Enhancement: "Make Life Good" Secondary Enhancement: "Make Lifethe Best Possible" The Balance of Prevention and Enhancement SystemsAppendix A: Effective Secondary Preventions (Psychotherapies) for AdultProblems Appendix B: Hope Therapy Worksheet Key Terms Part VII:Positive Environments 16. Positive Schooling "Teachers Can't Get Jobs inthe Real World!" Negative Psychology: "Those Who Can't, Shouldn't BeTeaching" "No Child Left Behind" and Beyond The Components of PositiveSchooling One Example of Positive Schooling: The StrengthsQuest ProgramTeaching as a Calling Giving Back to Teachers Appendix A: AssessingEducational Success Appendix B: Teaching Tips From Two "Wills"-James andMcKeachie Key Terms 17. Good Work: The Psychology of Gainful EmploymentGainful Employment "We Have an Opening": Jenny Loses a Job and Finds aCareer Take-Home Messages From Jenny's Story Gainful Employment:Happiness, Satisfaction, and Beyond Measuring Gainful Employment Havingor Being a Good Boss The Strengths-Based Approach to Work Capital atWork Hope: A Prime Psychological Capital The Dark Side: Workaholics,Burnouts, and Jobs Lost What Can Be Done To Improve Your Work? WhenWork Becomes a Calling: The Tale of a Hospital Orderly A New Accounting:An Eye Toward People Rather Than Money Key Terms 18. The Me/We Balance:Building Better Communities Where We Are Going: From ME to WE to USIndividualism: The Psychology of ME Collectivism: The Psychology of WEME/WE Balance: The Positive Psychology of US Appendix: The Need forUniqueness Scale Key Terms PART VIII: A POSITIVE LOOK AT THE FUTURE OFPSYCHOLOGY 19. Going Positive Trading the Bad for Some Good: The Case ofMolly Tackling a Fundamental Dilemma: Bad Is Stronger Than GoodPositive Psychology Is Gaining Attention Positive Psychology as aWorldwide Phenomenon For the Many, Not Just the Few Young People andEducation in Positive Psychology Women in Positive Psychology Experts'Views on 21st-Century Positive Psychology The Power of Attitude: The Talesof Johnsy and Jerry Appendix: Positive Social Science References AuthorIndex Subject Index About the Authors