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Symbols for phonemic transcription Phonetic symbols and diacritics The International Phonetic Alphabet Preface and acknowledgements Before you start transcribing… PART A: TRANSCRIBING WORDS 1. The familiar consonants /p b t d k ɡ f v s z h m n w l r/ and the vowels /ɪ æ e ɒ ʌ ʊ/ 2. Primary stress, schwa /ə/ and unstressed KIT /ɪ/ 3. Consonants with unfamiliar symbols: /ʃ ʒ ʧ ʤ j ŋ θ ð/ 4. The FLEECE /iː/ and GOOSE /uː/ vowels 5. The PALM /ɑː/, THOUGHT /ɔː/, NURSE /ɜː/ and SQUARE /ɛː/ vowels 6. The FACE /eɪ/, PRICE /aɪ/ and CHOICE /ɔɪ/ vowels 7. The GOAT /əʊ/ and MOUTH /aʊ/ vowels 8. The NEAR /ɪə/ and CURE /ʊə/ vowels 9. Syllabic consonants 10. Secondary stress 11. Inflections and epenthesis PART B: TRANSCRIBING CONNECTED SPEECH 12. Connected speech and liaison 13. Stress and weak forms 14. Elision 15. Assimilation 16. Connected speech: extended practice PART C: TRANSCRIBING INTONATION 17. An introduction to intonation 18. Nucleus and tail 19. Head and pre-head 20. Intonation: Extended practice APPENDICES A. Summary of consonant and vowel theory B. Phonetic transcription References and suggested reading Index