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List of Contributors ix Preface xvii Part I Introduction 1 1 Tourism: Conceptualizations, Institutions, and Issues 3C. Michael Hall, Allan M. Williams, and Alan A. Lew Part II Perspectives on Tourism 23 2 The Measurement of Global Tourism: Old Debates, New Consensus, and Continuing Challenges 25Stephen L. J. Smith 3 Tourist Flows and the Spatial Distribution of Tourists 36Bob McKercher and Alan A. Lew 4 Behavioral Approaches in Tourism Research 49D. Jim Walmsley 5 Toward a Political Economy of Tourism 61Allan M. Williams 6 Cultural Geographies of Tourism 74Mike Crang 7 Tourist Practices and Performances 85David Crouch Part III Producing Tourism and Tourism Spaces 97 8 The Cultural Turn? Toward a More Critical Economic Geography of Tourism 99Keith G. Debbage and Dimitri Ioannides 9 Transnational Corporations, Globalization, and Tourism 110Kevin Meethan 10 Entrepreneurial Cultures and Small Business Enterprises in Tourism 122Gareth Shaw 11 Labor Mobility and Market Structure in Tourism 135Michael Riley 12 Transport and Tourism 146Stephen Page 13 The Tourism Area Life Cycle in the Twenty–First Century 159Richard Butler Part IV Globalization and Contested Places 171 14 Problematizing Place Promotion 173Nigel Morgan 15 Tourism, Information Technology, and Development: Revolution or Reinforcement? 184Simon Milne, David Mason, and Julia Hasse 16 Theming, Tourism, and Fantasy City 195Thomas W. Paradis 17 Whose Tourist–Historic City? Localizing the Global and Globalizing the Local 210Gregory J. Ashworth and John E. Tunbridge 18 Urban Tourism: Between the Global and the Local 223T. C. Chang and Shirlena Huang 19 Postcolonialism, Colonialism, and Tourism 235Anne–Marie d???Hauteserre 20 Indigenous People and Tourism 246Tom D. Hinch Part V Tourists, Values, and Practices 259 21 Tourism Motivations and Typologies 261Richard Prentice 22 Tourism, Modernity, and Postmodernity 280Tim Oakes and Claudio Minca 23 Cultural Circuits of Tourism: Commodities, Place and Re–consumption 291Irena Ateljevic and Stephen Doorne 24 Narratives of Being Elsewhere: Tourism and Travel Writing 303Mike Robinson25 Gender and Sexuality in Tourism Research 316Annette Pritchard 26 The Souvenir: Conceptualizing the Object(s) of Tourist Consumption 327Jon Goss Part VI Tourism, Place, Space, and Forms 337 27 Tourism and Landscape 339Theano S. Terkenli 28 The Beach as a Liminal Space 349Robert Preston–Whyte 29 Tourism, Shopping, and Retailing: An Axiomatic Relationship? 360Tim Coles 30 Tourism and the Countryside 374Richard Sharpley 31 Mobility, Tourism, and Second Homes 387Dieter K. Müller 32 Gaming and Tourism: Issues for the New Millennium 399Patricia A. Stokowski 33 Geographic Perspectives on Event Tourism 410Donald Getz Part VII Tourism, the Environment, and Society 423 34 Tourism and the Natural Environment 425Klaus Meyer–Arendt 35 Tourism and Touristic Representations of Nature 438Jarkko Saarinen 36 Environmental Impacts of Tourism 450P. P. Wong 37 Tourism and Resource Management 462David Mercer 38 National Parks: Wilderness and Culture 473Stephen Boyd 39 Ecotourism: Theory and Practice 484Erlet Cater 40 Tourism, Sustainability, and Social Theory 498George Hughes 41 Tourism and the Elusive Paradigm of Sustainable Development 510David B. Weaver Part VIII Policies, Planning, and Governance 523 42 Tourism and Public Policy 525C. Michael Hall and John Jenkins 43 Partnerships, Participation, and Social Science Research in Tourism Planning 541Bill Bramwell 44 Local and Regional Tourism Policy and Power 555Andrew Church 45 Tourism Communities and Growth Management 569Alison Gill 46 Political Boundaries and Regional Cooperation in Tourism 584Dallen J. Timothy and Victor B. Teye 47 GIS Applications in the Planning and Management of Tourism 596Yianna Farsari and Poulicos Prastacos Part IX Conclusions 609 48 Contemporary Themes and Challenges in Tourism Research 611Allan M. Williams, C. Michael Hall, and Alan A. Lew Index 619