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Contents: Introduction; Part I Conceptual Overview: A framework to compare environmental policies, Don Fullerton. Part II Costs to Consumers: Is the gasoline tax regressive?, James M. Poterba; Distributional aspects of an environmental tax shift: the case of motor vehicle emissions taxes, Margaret Walls and Jean Hanson; A distributional analysis of green tax reforms, Gilbert E. Metcalf; Distributional effects of alternative vehicle pollution control policies, Sarah E. West; Estimates from a consumer demand system: implications for the incidence of environmental taxes, Sarah E. West and Roberton C. Williams III. Part III Costs to Producers or Factors: An overlapping generations model of growth and the environment, A. John and R. Pecchenino; The general equilibrium incidence of environmental taxes, Don Fullerton and Garth Heutel. Part IV Benefits via Scarcity Rents: A positive theory of environmental quality regulation, Michael T. Maloney and Robert E. McCormick; Distributional effects of carbon allowance trading: how government decisions determine winners and losers, Terry Dinan and Diane Lim Rogers; Are emissions permits regressive?, Ian W.H. Parry; On the (ir)relevance of distribution and labor supply distortion to government policy, Louis Kaplow; Efficiency costs of meeting industry-distributional constraints under environmental permits and taxes, A. Lans Bovenberg, Lawrence H. Goulder and Derek J. Gurney. Part V Benefits of Protection: The distribution of pollution: community characteristics and exposure to air toxics, Nancy Brooks and Rajiv Sethi; A random utility model of environmental equity, Diane Hite; 'Optimal' pollution abatement - whose benefits matter, and how much?, Wayne B. Gray and Ronald J. Shadbegian; Does the value of a statistical life vary with age and health status? Evidence from the US and Canada, Anna Alberini, Maureen Cropper, Alan Krupnick and Nathalie B. Simon; Evidence of environmental migration, Trudy Ann Cameron and Ian T. McConnaha. P