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Preface Introduction Bathymetry - The Shape of the Sea Floor MarineCharts or Finding Your Way Around Sea Floor Spreading and Plate TectonicsGeography of the Oceans Materials of the Sea Floor and How We Study ThemTemperatures of Seawater Salinity of Seawater Water Masses and How We StudyThem Surface Currents Tides Waves at Sea Waves in Shallow Water and BeachErosion Hurricanes Oceanography from Space Distribution of Marine LifePrimary and Secondary Productivity El Nino Marine Ecosystems and NutrientCycles Plankton Marine Adaptations and the Deep Sea Environment EstuariesLittoral Ecosystems and Environmental Impact Paleoceanography