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Introduction 1. The Trouble with Classic Theories of Nationalism IConcepts and Definitions: What is unique about Modern Nationality? II TheOrigins of Nationalism in Europe: Modernization Theories of Nationalism;Critique of Modernization Theories III The Genesis of Nationalism in India:Pax Britannica 1857-1947: The Proliferation of Socio-religious ReformMovements; The Anti-Colonial nationalist Movement for the Struggle forIndia's Independence IV Conclusion 2. The Contradictory Unity of the IndianState I Who are the Religious Minorities in India? II Religion and Culture inIndia: The Concept of Time; Karma; Dharma; Belief in Rebirth orReincarnation; The Concept of Truth III Interplay between Religious andModern Democratic Institutions: The Anti-Colonial Nationalist Movement forthe Struggle for India's Independence; Association Between Group Identity andPolitical Power IV The Resurgence of Religious Nationalism in ContemporaryIndia: Religious Functionaries in Politics; Forms of Ritual Communication VThe Resurgence of Religious Nationalism at this Moment in History: TheWeakening of Political Institutions; Loss of Faith in Secular Institutions;Religious Nationalism as a Strategy for Change or a Form of Protest VIConclusion 3. The Historical Roots of Sikh Communal Consciousness (1469-1947)I Early Sikh Tradition: The Period of the Sikh Gurus (1469-1708); ThePolitical Triumph of the Sikh Movement (1708-1849) II Socio-Religious ReformMovements and the Growth of Communal Consciousness in British Punjab: TheArya Samaj Movement; The Singh Sabha Movement III New Leaders and New Arenas:Recasting Social Identities IV Print Communication and the Creation of a newPublic Sphere V The Development of Standardized Vernacular Languages of StateVI Conclusion 4. The Rise of Sikh National Consciousness (1947-1995) I TheDemand for a 'Punjabi Suba' or a Punjabi Speaking State in Independent India(1950-1966) II Background to the Present Conflict (1970-1990): The AnandpurSahib Resolution 'Operation Bluestar' and 'Operation Woodrose' StateViolence and the Rise and Fall of the Armed Resistence The Sikh Diaspora IIIConclusion 5. Agrarian Crisis and the Rise of Armed Resistance I On GreenRevolution: What is Green Revolution? Agricultural Change and Agrarian SocialStructure Profiles of the Sikh Activists - Babies of the Green Revolution? IIPeasant Insurrection and the Rise of Armed Resistance: The Pattern ofModernisation Agricultural Innovation and External Dependence 6.Transformation in Social Communication and the Upsurge of ReligiousControversy: Dialogues in Vernacular Languages I Mass Literacy II The Pressin Punjab: History of the Press in Punjab Growth of the Vernacular Press IIIA Comparison of Editorials IV Cassettes as Communicators: The Rise ofBhindranwale as a Cult Figure V Conclusion