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Notes on Contributors ix Acknowledgments xi Maps xii–xiii Introduction 1 Klaus Larres PART I EUROPE IN TRANSITION: FROM WAR TO COLD WAR 5 1 From War to Cold War 7 Mark Gilbert 2 Federalism and the Beginnings of European Union 25 John Pinder PART II EUROPE AND THE COLD WAR WORLD 45 3 The Cold War: The Western European Perspective 47 Ian Jackson 4 The Soviet Bloc and the Cold War in Europe 67 Mark Kramer 5 Economic Developments in Western and Eastern Europe since 1945 95 Ian Jackson 6 The End of Empires: Decolonization and Its Repercussions 113 David R. Devereux 7 European Integration: From the Common Market to the Single Market 133 Desmond Dinan 8 The United States and European Integration, 1945–1990 151 Klaus Larres 9 The Churches and Christianity in Cold War Europe 183 Dianne Kirby 10 The End of the Cold War and the Unifi cation of the European Continent 208 Carine Germond PART III EUROPE SINCE 1990: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS 229 11 Transatlantic Relations since the End of the Cold War: Permanent Alliance or Partnership in Peril? 231 Robert Hutchings 12 Europe and Economic Globalization since 1945 249 Alfred E. Eckes Jr. 13 Economic Integration since Maastricht 270 Christopher Flockton 14 Political Parties in Europe since 1945 302 Roger Eatwell 15 The Genesis of a European Security and Defence Policy 323 Ralph Dietl 16 Europe's Experience of Terrorism since 1945: A Brief Overview 355 Paul Wilkinson PART IV EUROPE SINCE 1990: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS 367 17 The Quest for a European Identity: A Europe without Europeans? 369 Ruth Wittlinger 18 Europe and Post–Cold War Nationalism 387 Claire Sutherland 19 The Participatory Revolution: New Social Movements and Civil Society 407 Ingolfur Blühdorn 20 Postwar Europe: A Continent Built on Migration 432 Panikos Panayi 21 Changing Norms of Masculinity and Femininity: Development in Gender Relations and Family Structures in Europe 450 Laura den Dulk 22 Europe and the Welfare State since 1945 472 Steen P. Mangen Index 501