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Tables and Figures xi About the Editors xvii About the Authors xix Preface xxvii 1 Introduction: Advancing Methods in Social Epidemiology 1Jay S. Kaufman and J. Michael Oakes PART ONE: MEASURES AND MEASUREMENT 21 2 The Measurement of Socioeconomic Status 23J. Michael Oakes and Kate E. Andrade 3 Measuring and Analyzing ???Race,??? Racism, and Racial Discrimination 43Saffron Karlsen and James Yzet Nazroo 4 Measuring Poverty 69David M. Betson and Jennifer L. Warlick 5 Health Inequalities: Measurement and Decomposition 91Sam Harper and John Lynch 6 A Conceptual Framework for Measuring Segregation and Its Association with Population Outcomes 132Sean F. Reardon 7 Measures of Residential Community Contexts 158Patricia O???Campo and Margaret O???Brien Caughy PART TWO: DESIGN AND ANALYSIS 177 8 Community–Based Participatory Research: Rationale and Relevance for Social Epidemiology 179Paula M. Lantz, Barbara A. Israel, Amy J. Schulz, and Angela G. Reyes 9 Social Network Analysis for Epidemiology 212David A. Shoham and Lynne C. Messer 10 Fieldwork with In–Depth Interviews: How to Get Strangers in the City to Tell You Their Stories 239Melody L. Boyd and Stefanie DeLuca 11 Experimental Social Epidemiology: Controlled Community Trials 254Peter J. Hannan 12 Propensity Score Matching for Social Epidemiology 283J. Michael Oakes and Pamela Jo Johnson 13 Longitudinal Approaches to Social Epidemiologic Research 308Magdalena Cerdá and Katherine M. Keyes 14 Fixed Effects and Difference–in–Differences 341Erin C. Strumpf, Sam Harper, and Jay S. Kaufman 15 Fixed Versus Random Effects Models for Multilevel and Longitudinal Data 369Ashley Schempf Hirai and Jay S. Kaufman 16 Mediation Analysis in Social Epidemiology 398Arijit Nandi and Tyler J. VanderWeele 17 A Roadmap for Estimating and Interpreting Population Intervention Parameters 432Jennifer Ahern and Alan E. Hubbard 18 Using Causal Diagrams to Understand Common Problems in Social Epidemiology 458M. Maria Glymour 19 Natural Experiments and Instrumental Variables Analyses in Social Epidemiology 493M. Maria Glymour, Stefan Walter, and Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen Index 539