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Introduction: Beginnings and endings: An intergenerational conversation Courtney B. Cazden and Allan Luke Section I DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE 1 Problems for education: Language as curriculum content and learning environment 2 How knowledge about language helps the classroom teacher, or does it?: A personal account 3 Vygotsky, Hymes and Bakhtin: From word to utterance and voice 4 Socialization 5 Analyses and interpretations: Are they complementary? 6 Dell Hymes's construct of "communicative competence Section II CLASSROOM INTERACTION: FOR BOTH LEARNING AND TEACHING 7 Peer dialogues across the curriculum. Proceedings from the 1979-1980 Impact Conferences sponsored by IRA and NCTE. 8 Spontaneous repairs in Sharing Time narratives: The intersection of metalinguistic awareness, speech event, and narrative style Courtney B. Cazden, Sarah Michaels and Patton Tabors 9 Spontaneous and scientific concepts: Learning punctuation in the first grade Patricia Cordeiro, Mary Ellen Giacobbe and Courtney B. Cazden 10 A Vygotskian interpretation of Reading Recovery Marie Clay and Courtney B. Cazden 11 Visible and invisible pedagogies in literacy education 12 Two meanings of culture in formal education Section III EDUCATIONAL EQUITY 13 Language, power and development: The significance of doing what comes UNnaturally 14 The New York Teachers Union: A very short history 15 A descriptive study of six high school Puente classrooms 16 Teacher and student attitudes on racial issues: The complementarity of practioner research and outsider research 17 The value of principled eclecticism in education reform: 1965-2005 18 A framework for social justice in education