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PREFACEI. ComissoINTRODUCTIONG. BecattiniDEDICATIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSLIST OF ABBREVIATIONSUNIT 1. ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING IN ICU1. Monitoring patients: what’s new in intensive care setting?M. Manici 2. Neurological, pain, sedation and confusion assessmentG. Giusti, G. Mistraletti3. Respiratory and ventilatory assessmentA. Lucchini, S. Bambi, C. De Felippis4. Cardiovascular assessment and monitoringI. Comisso, A. Lucchini5. Early mobility, skin and pressure ulcer risk assessmentG. Giusti, A. PeghettiUNIT 2. BASIC CARE IN ICU6. The Interventional Patient Hygiene ModelS. Bambi7. Bed bath, eye, mouth and skin careG. Giusti, I. Comisso9. Patients’ positioningS. Bambi, S. Elli10. General considerations about infection preventionI. Comisso, S. BambiUNIT 3. CARE QUALITY MEASUREMENT: FROM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS TO NURSING SENSITIVE OUTCOMES11. Ventilator Associated Pneumonia and Hospital Acquired Pneumonia preventionS. Bambi, 12. Hospital-Acquired Catheter Related Blood Stream Infection preventionI. Comisso, A. Lucchini13. Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection preventionI. Comisso, A. Lucchini14. Deep vein Thrombosis and pulmonary embolism preventionM. Manici, I. Comisso15. Hospital-acquired injuries: device-related pressure ulcers, falls and restraintsS. Bambi, G. Giusti16. Gastrointestinal function: enteral nutrition and bowel managementI. Comisso, S. Bambi17. Visiting policies in Intensive Care UnitM. Manici, G. GiustiUNIT 4. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES IN INTENSIVE CARE NURSING18. A systemic approach: ABCDE bundleM. Manici, A. Negro, G. Giusti 19. Nurse staffing levels: skill mix and nursing care hours per patient-dayA. Lucchini, I. Comisso, M. Pirovano, C. De Felippis20. Evolutions in ICU nursing S. Bambi