目次

Preamble ?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c?c..8Chapter 1 Introduction to Part 1: Spatial Statistics............................................................................. 101.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 101.2 Polish employment data: 2006-2013. .................................................................................... 101.3 Polish data quality ................................................................................................................. 111.4 Concluding comments........................................................................................................... 14Chapter 2 Spatial Autocorrelation and the p-Median Problem .......................................................... 152.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 152.2 Eigenvector spatial filtering in a nutshell.............................................................................. 152.3 Imputing missing spatial data................................................................................................ 162.4 The location-allocation problem............................................................................................ 172.5 Location-allocation solutions in the presence of missing and imputed data ......................... 192.6 Relationships between spatial autocorrelation and solutions to location-allocation problems................................................................................................................................ 222.7 Concluding comments........................................................................................................... 26Chapter 3 Space-Time Autocorrelation.............................................................................................. 283.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 283.2 Specifying a space-time Moran Coefficient .......................................................................... 283.3 Properties of the space-time Moran Coefficient.................................................................... 313.4 Eigenvector space-time filtering............................................................................................ 333.5 Omitted variables in a description of space-time response variables .................................... 353.6 Concluding comments........................................................................................................... 37Chapter 4 The Relative Importance of Spatial and Temporal Autocorrelation.................................. 384.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 384.2 Random effects: SSRE and SURE components.................................................................... 404.3 Estimating a SURE term: a sensitivity analysis .................................................................... 424.4 Time beats space ................................................................................................................... 444.5 Space beats time .................................................................................................................... 454.6 Concluding comments........................................................................................................... 46Chapter 5 The Spatial Weights Matrix and ESF ................................................................................ 475.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 475.2 Spatial weights matrix comparisons...................................................................................... 475.2.1 Some binary SWM comparisons ................................................................................... 495.2.2 Some row-standardized SWM comparisons.................................................................. 505.2.3 Variance stabilizing standardization.............................................................................. 515.3 Comparisons of spatial weights matrix eigenvectors ............................................................ 535.4 Competing model specifications: spatial autoregressions and ESFs..................................... 545.5 Concluding comments........................................................................................................... 56Chapter 6 Clustering: Spatial Autocorrelation and Location Quotients............................................. 576.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 576.2 Location quotients (LQs)....................................................................................................... 576.3 The multivariate space-time structure of Polish LQs: 2006-2013......................................... 586.4 Spatial autocorrelation and LQs ............................................................................................ 596.5 Spatially adjusted LQs for Polish employment ..................................................................... 606.6 Space-time description of the Polish LQs ............................................................................. 626.7 Concluding comments ........................................................................................................... 65Chapter 7 Spatial Autocorrelation Parameter Estimation for Massively Large Georeferenced Datasets.............................................................................................................................. 667.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 667.2 Maximum likelihood estimation............................................................................................ 667.2.1 A large remotely sensed image example ....................................................................... 687.2.2 Other approaches........................................................................................................... 697.3 The sampling variance of ??? .................................................................................................. 707.3.1 The asymptotic variance for massively large georeferenced datasets: the 1st-order eigenvalue term............................................................................................................. 737.3.2 The asymptotic variance for massively large georeferenced datasets: the 2nd-order eigenvalue term............................................................................................................. 747.3.3 The asymptotic variance for massively large georeferenced datasets: the residual term............................................................................................................................... 757.3.4 A preliminary asymptotic variance approximation accuracy assessment ..................... 767.4 Irregular surface partitioning spatial autocorrelation simulation experiments ...................... 767.5 Concluding comments........................................................................................................... 77Chapter 8 Space-Time Data and Semi-Saturated Fixed Effects......................................................... 798.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 798.2 What is fixed effects? ............................................................................................................ 798.3 Testing for fixed effects......................................................................................................... 808.4 Fixed effects: SSFE and SUFE components ......................................................................... 818.5 Estimating a SUFE term: selected sensitivity analyses......................................................... 838.6 An exploration of interaction terms....................................................................................... 868.7 Concluding comments........................................................................................................... 86Chapter 9 Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Interaction Gravity Models....................................... 879.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 879.2 The doubly-constrained gravity model: a Poisson specification that accounts for spatial autocorrelation ...................................................................................................................... 879.3 Modeling spatial autocorrelation........................................................................................... 889.4 Spatial autocorrelation and provincial-level journey-to-work flows..................................... 899.5 Infill and increasing domain analyses ................................................................................... 939.5.1 A comparative infill analysis of journey-to-work flows................................................ 939.5.2 A comparative increasing domain analysis of journey-to-work flows.......................... 969.6 Concluding comments ............................................................................................................ 97Chapter 10 General Conclusions About Spatial Statistics.................................................................... 9910.1 In