内容

目次

1　Approach to Medicine, the Patient, and the Medical Profession2　Bioethics in the Practice of Medicine3　Palliative Care4　Disparities in Health and Health Care5　Global Health6　History and Physical Examination7　Approach to the Patient with Abnormal Vital Signs8　Statistical Interpretation of Data for Clinical Decisions9　Measuring Health and Health Care10　Quality, Safety, and Value11　Comprehensive Chronic Disease Management11　Population Health12　The Periodic Health Examination13　Diet and Nutrition14　Physical Activity 15　Immunization16　Principles of Occupational and Environmental Medicine17　Effects of Climate Change　 on Health18　Radiation Injury19　Bioterrorism20　Chronic Poisoning: Trace Metals and Others21　Adolescent Medicine22　Epidemiology of Aging23　Geriatric Assessment24　Common Clinical Sequelae of Aging25　Principles of Drug Therapy26　Pain27　Delirium in the Older Patient27　Biology of Addiction28　Immunomodulatory Drugs29　Biologic Agents and Signaling Inhibitors30　Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine31　Principles of Genetics32　Clinical Genomics - Genome Structure and Variation33　Applications of Molecular Technologies to Clinical Medicine34　Regenerative Medicine, Cell, and Gene Therapies35　Innate and Adaptive Immunity36　Tissue Injury and Repair37　Complement System in Disease38　Transplantation Immunology39　Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardiovascular Disease40　Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease41　The Adaptive Immunse System41　Cardiac and Circulatory Function42　Mechanisms of Inflammation and Tissue Repair42　Electrocardiography43　Echocardiography44　Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging45　Heart Failure: Epidemiology, Pathobiology, and Diagnosis46　Heart Failure: Treatment, Prevention, and Prognosis47　Diseases of the Myocardium and Endocardium48　Principles of Electrophysiology49　Approach to the Patient with Suspected Arrhythmia50　Catheterization and Angiography50　Cardiac Arrest and Life-Threatening Arrhythmias51　Bradycardias52　Supraventricular Tachycardias53　Ventricular Arrhythmias54　Electrophysiologic Procedures and Surgery55　Congenital Heart Disease in Adults56　Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease 57　Acute Coronary Syndrome: Unstable Angina and Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction58　ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction and Complications of Myocardial Infarction59　Interventional and Surgical Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease60　Valvular Heart Disease61　Infective Endocarditis62　Pericardial Diseases63　Diseases of the Aorta64　Arterial Hypertension65　Atherosclerotic Peripheral Arterial Disease66　Other Peripheral Arterial Diseases67　Thrombotic Disorders: Hypercoagulable States68　Venous Thrombosis and Embolism69　Pulmonary Hypertension70　Antithrombotic and Antiplatelet Therapy71　Approach to the Patient with Respiratory Disease72　Imaging in Pulmonary Disease73　Respiratory Testing and Function 74　Disorders of Ventilatory Control75　Asthma76　Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease77　Cystic Fibrosis78　Bronchiectasis, Atelectasis, Cysts, and Localized Lung Disorders79　Alveolar Filling Disorders80　Interstitial Lung Disease81　Occupational Lung Disease82　Physical and Chemical Injuries of the Lung83　Sarcoidosis84　Acute Bronchitis and Tracheitis85　Overview of Pneumonia86　Diseases of the Diaphragm, Chest Wall, Pleura, and Mediastinum87　Interventional and Surgical Approaches to Lung Disease88　Approach to the Patient in a Critical Care Setting89　Respiratory Monitoring in Critical Care90　Acute Respiratory Failure91　Mechanical Ventilation92　Approach to the Patient with Shock93　Cardiogenic Shock94　Shock Syndromes Related to Sepsis95　Disorders Due to Heat and Cold96　Acute Poisoning97　Medical Aspects of Trauma and Burns98　Envenomation, Bites, and Stings99　Rhabdomyolysis100　Approach to the Patient with Renal Disease101　Structure and Function of the Kidneys102　Disorders of Sodium and Water Homeostasis103　Potassium Disorders104　Acid-Base Disorders105　Disorders of Magnesium and Phosphorus106　Acute Kidney Injury107　Glomerular Disorders and Nephrotic Syndromes108　Tubulointerstitial Diseases109　Diabetes and the Kidney110　Vascular Disorders of the Kidney111　Nephrolithiasis112　Cystic Kidney Diseases113　Hereditary and Developmental Abnormalities of the Urinary Tract 114　Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostatitis115　Urinary Incontinence116　Chronic Kidney Disease117　Treatment of Irreversible Renal Failure118　Approach to the Patient with Gastrointestinal Disease119　Diagnostic Imaging Procedures in Gastroenterology120　Gastrointestinal Endoscopy121　Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage122　Disorders of Gastrointestinal Motility123　Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Irritable Bowel and Upper GI Syndromes124　Diseases of the Esophagus125　Acid Peptic Disease126　Approach to the Patient with Diarrhea and Malabsorption127　Inflammatory Bowel Disease128　Anatomic and Inflammatory Diseases of the Intestines and Peritoneum129　Vascular Gastrointestinal Diseases130　Pancreatitis131　Diseases of the Rectum and Anus132　Approach to the Patient with Liver Disease133　Approach to the Patient with Jaundice or Abnormal Liver Tests134　Acute Viral Hepatitis135　Chronic Viral and Autoimmune Hepatitis136　Toxin- and Drug-Induced Liver Disease137　Bacterial, Parasitic, Fungal, and Granulomatous Liver Diseases138　Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis139　Cirrhosis and Its Sequelae140　Hepatic Failure and Liver Transplantation141　Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts142　Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic Growth Factors143　The Peripheral Blood Smear144　Approach to the Anemias145　Microcytic and Hypochromic Anemias146　Autoimmune and Intravascular Hemolytic Anemias147　Hemolytic Anemias: Red Cell Membrane and Metabolic Defects148　The Thalassemias149　Sickle Cell Disease and Other Hemoglobinopathies150　Megaloblastic Anemias151　Aplastic Anemia and Related Bone Marrow Failure States152　Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocythemia, and Primary Myelobfibrosis153　Leukocytosis and Leukopenia154　Approach to the Patient with Lymphadenopathy and Splenomegaly155　Histiocytoses156　Eosinophilic Syndromes157　Approach to the Patient with Bleeding and Thrombosis158　Thrombocytopenia159　Von Willebrand Disease and Abnormalities of Platelet and Vascular Function160　Coagulation Factor Deficiencies161　Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Liver Failure, and Vitamin K Deficiency162　Transfusion Medicine163　Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation164　Approach to the Patient with Cancer165　Epidemiology of Cancer166　Cancer Biology and Genetics167　Myelodysplastic Syndromes168　The Acute Leukemias169　The Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia170　Chronic Myeloid Leukemias171　Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas172　Hodgkin Lymphoma173　Plasma Cell Disorders174　Amyloidosis175　Tumors of the Central Nervous System176　Head and Neck Cancer177　Lung Cancer and Other Pulmonary Neoplasms178　Neoplasms of the Esophagus and Stomach179　Neoplasms of the Small and Large Intestine180　Pancreatic Cancer181　Liver and Biliary Tract Tumors182　Tumors of the Kidney, Bladder, Ureters, and Renal Pelvis183　Breast Cancer and Benign Breast Disorders184　Gynecologic Cancers185　Testicular Cancer186　Prostate Cancer187　Bone Tumors, Sarcomas, and Other Soft Tissue Neoplasms188　Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers189　Approach to Inborn Errors of Metabolism190　Disorders of Lipid Metabolism191　Glycogen Storage Diseases192　Lysosomal Storage Diseases193　Homocystinuria and Hyperhomocysteinemia194　The Porphyrias195　Wilson Disease196　Iron Overload (Hemochromatosis)197　Protein-Energy Malnutrition198　Malnutrition: Assessment and Support 199　Vitamins, Trace Minerals, and Other Micronutrients200　Eating Disorders200　Nutrition's Interface with Health and Disease201　Obesity202　Approach to the Patient with Endocrine Disease203　Principles of Endocrinology204　Neuroendocrinology and the Neuroendocrine System205　Anterior Pituitary206　Posterior Pituitary207　Thyroid208　Adrenal Cortex209　Adrenal Medulla, Catecholamines, and Pheochromocytoma210　Diabetes Mellitus211　Hypoglycemia and Pancreatic Islet Cell Disorders212　Polyglandular Disorders213　Neuroendocrine Tumors214　Sexual Development, Identity, and Gender Medicine215　Transgender Medicine216　The Testis and Male Hypogonadism, Infertility, and Sexual Function217　Ovaries and Pubertal Development218　Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility219　Approach to Women's Health220　Contraception221　Common Medical Problems in Pregnancy222　Menopause223　Intimate Partner Violence224　Approach to the Patient with Metabolic Bone Disease225　Osteoporosis226　Osteomalacia and Rickets227　Parathyroid Glands, Hypercalcemia, and Hypocalcemia228　Paget Disease of Bone229　Osteonecrosis, Osteosclerosis/Hyperostosis, and Other Bone Disorders230　Approach to the Patient with Allergic or Immunologic Disease231　Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases232　Urticaria and Angioedema233　Systemic Anaphylaxis, Food Allergy, and Insect Sting Allergy234　Drug Allergy235　Mastocytosis236　Approach to the Patient with Rheumatic Disease237　Laboratory Testing in the Rheumatic Diseases238　Imaging Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases239　Inherited Diseases of Connective Tissue240　The Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases241　Osteoarthritis242　Bursitis, Tendinitis, Periarticular Disorders, and Sports Medicine243　Rheumatoid Arthritis244　The Spondyloarthropathies245　Systemic Lupus Erythematosus246　Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)247　Sj　gren Syndrome248　Inflammatory Myopathies249　The Systemic Vasculitides250　Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica251　Infections of Bursae, Joints, and Bones252　Crystal Deposition Diseases253　Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Myofascial Pain254　Systemic Diseases in Which Arthritis Is a Feature255　Surgical Treatment of Joint Diseases256　Introduction to Microbial Disease: Pathophysiology and Diagnostics257　The Human Microbiome258　Principles of Anti-Infective Therapy259　Approach to Fever or Suspected Infection in the Normal Host260　Approach to Fever and Suspected Infection in the Compromised Host261　Prevention and Control of Health Care-Associated Infections262　Approach to the Patient with Suspected Enteric Infection263　Approach to the Patient with Urinary Tract Infection264　Approach to the Patient with a Sexually Transmitted Infection265　Approach to the Patient before and after Travel266　Antibacterial Chemotherapy267　Staphylococcal Infections268　Streptococcus Pneumoniae Infections269　Nonpneumococcal Streptococcal Infections and Rheumatic Fever270　Enterococcal Infections271　Clostridial and Clostridioides Infections272　Gram Positive Rod Infections273　Diseases Caused by Non-Spore-Forming Anaerobic Bacteria274　Erysipelothrix Infections274　Neisseria Meningitidis Infections274　Anthrax274　Listeriosis275　Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infections276　Chancroid and Cutaneous Ulcers277　Haemophilus and Moraxella Infections278　Cholera and Other Vibrio Infections279　Campylobacter Infections280　Escherichia Coli Enteric Infections281　Other Enterobacteriaceae including Multidrug Resistant Strains282　Pseudomonas and Related Gram-Negative Bacillary Infections283　Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas Infections284　Salmonella Infections (including enteric fever)285　Shigellosis286　Brucellosis287　Tularemia and Other Francisella Infections288　Plague and Other Yersinia Infections289　Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections290　Legionella Infections291　Bartonella Infections291　Granuloma Inguinale (Donovanosis)292　Granuloma Inguinale (Donovanosis) 293　Mycoplasma Infections294　Diseases Caused by Chlamydiae295　Syphilis and Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses296　Lyme Disease297　Relapsing Fever and Other Borrelia Infections298　Leptospirosis298　Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses299　Tuberculosis300　The Nontuberculous Mycobacteria301　Leprosy (Hansen Disease)302　Rickettsial Infections303　Zoonoses304　Actinomycosis305　Whipple Disease306　Nocardiosis307　Systemic Antifungal Agents308　Endemic Fungi309　Cryptococcosis310　Candidiasis311　Aspergillosis312　Mucormycosis313　Pneumocystis Pneumonia314　Mycetoma and Dematiaceous Fungal Infections315　Antiparasitic Therapy316　Malaria317　African Sleeping Sickness318　Chagas Disease319　Leishmaniasis320　Toxoplasmosis321　Cryptosporidiosis322　Giardiasis323　Amebiasis324　Babesiosis and Other Protozoan Diseases325　Cestodes326　Trematode Infections327　Nematode Infections328　Antiviral Therapy (Non-HIV)329　The Common Cold330　Respiratory Syncytial Virus331　Parainfluenza Viral Disease332　Influenza333　Adenovirus Diseases334　Pre-2019 Coronaviruses335　Covid-19 Virology and Pathobiology336　Covid-19 Epidemiology/Clinical Manifestations/Diagnosis/Community Prevention337　COVID-19 Treatment, Vaccination, and Prognosis338　Measles339　Rubella (German Measles)340　Mumps341　Polyomaviruses342　Parvovirus343　Smallpox, Monkeypox, and Other Poxvirus Infections344　Papillomavirus345　Herpes Simplex Virus Infections346　Varicella-Zoster Virus (Chickenpox, Shingles)347　Cytomegalovirus348　Epstein-Barr Virus Infection349　Enteroviruses350　Rotaviruses, Noroviruses, and Other Gastrointestinal Viruses351　Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers351　Arboviruses Affecting the Central Nervous System352　Arboviruses Causing Fever, Rash, and Neurologic Syndromes353　EPIDEMIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION AND ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME354　Pathobiology of HIV Infection355　Acute Clinical Manifestation and Diagnosis of HIV 356　Prevention of HIV Infection357　Antiretroviral Therapy of HIV/AIDS358　Microbial Complications of HIV/AIDS359　Systemic Manifestations of HIV/AIDS359　Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV/AIDS360　Retroviruses Other Than HIV361　Delirium and Changes in Mental Status362　Psychiatric Disorders in Medical Practice363　Nicotine and Tobacco Use364　Alcohol Use Disorders365　Drug Abuse Disorders366　Approach to the Patient with Neurologic Disease367　Headaches and Other Head Pain368　Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury369　Mechanical and Other Lesions of the Spine, Nerve Roots, and Spinal Cord370　Regional Cerebral Dysfunction: Higher Mental Functions371　Alzheimer and Other Dementias372　The Epilepsies373　Coma, Vegetative State, and Brain Death374　Sleep Disorders375　Approach to Cerebrovascular Diseases376　Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease377　Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Disease378　Prion Diseases378　Parkinsonism379　Other Movement Disorders380　Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Conditions381　Meningitis: Bacterial, Viral, and Other382　Brain Abscess and Parameningeal Infections383　Encephalitis384　Nutritional and Alcohol-Related Neurologic Disorders385　Congenital, Developmental, and Neurocutaneous Disorders386　Autonomic Disorders387　Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Diseases388　Peripheral Neuropathies389　Muscle Diseases390　Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission391　Diseases of the Visual System392　Neuro-Ophthalmology393　Diseases of the Mouth and Salivary Glands394　Approach to the Patient with Nose, Sinus, and Ear Disorders395　Smell and Taste396　Hearing and Equilibrium397　Throat Disorders398　Principles of Medical Consultation399　Preoperative Evaluation400　Overview of Anesthesia401　Postoperative Care and Complications402　Medical Consultation in Psychiatry403　Approach to Skin Diseases404　Principles of Therapy of Skin Diseases405　Eczema, Photodermatoses, Papulosquamous (including Fungal) Diseases, and Figurate Erythemas406　Macular, Papular, Vesiculobullous, and Pustular Diseases407　Urticaria, Drug Hypersensitivity Rashes, Nodules and Tumors, and Atrophic Diseases408　Infections, Pigmentation Disorders, Regional Dermatology, and Distinctive Lesions in Black Skin409　Diseases of Hair and Nails　Reference Intervals and Laboratory Values