目次

1. Introduction I. Equality: A Fundamental Principle Based on not so Stable Fundaments II. The Need for Reconceptualising Equality Law or the Rationalist Human Rights Paradigm III. EU Law as the Laboratory of Constitutional Theory IV. The Institutional Choice Approach to EU Equality Law 2. The Notion of Equality I. Why Equality? II. What Kind of Equality? III. The Relationship of Equality and Non-discrimination 3. Equality Testing: Different Kinds of Scrutiny I. Three Standards of Scrutiny II. Traditional Interpretive Explanation III. Changing Perspectives: A Comparative Institutional Explanation IV. Conclusion 4. Differential Treatment of EU Citizens I. Non-discrimination on Grounds of Nationality: A Leitmotiv of the TFEU II. Article 18(1) TFEU: A Relative Right to Equal Treatment III. Challenges to the Equal Treatment of EU Citizens IV. Equal Treatment of EU Citizens: An Institutional Choice Reconstruction V. Conclusion 5. Reverse Discrimination I. Reverse Discrimination: Its Definition, Egalitarian Tune and Relevance II. The European Court of Justice's Handling of Reverse Discrimination III. The Fundamental Boundaries Concern-or Institutional Choice in the Supranational Context 6. Affirmative Action for Women I. The European Union Jurisprudence II. The American Experience III. Translating the American Experience to the European Debate IV. Comparative Institutional Analysis of Affirmative Action 7. Conclusion I. Breaking down the Divides II. The Four Conceivable Relations between Equality Review and Institutional Choice III. More Coherence through Doctrinal Adaptation IV. Summary of the Thesis in Eight Points