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INTRODUCTION The chemical principles of RNA catalysis NATURALLY OCCURRING RIBOZYMES Biological roles of self-cleaving ribozymes Chemical mechanisms of the nucleolytic ribozymes The glmS ribozyme and its multifunctional coenzyme glucosamine-6-phosphate The lariat capping ribozyme Self-splicing group II introns The Spliceosome: an RNA-Protein ribozyme derived from ancient mobile genetic elements The ribosome and protein synthesis The RNase P ribozyme Ribozyme Discovery in Bacteria Small self-cleaving ribozymes in the genomes of vertebrates ENGINEERED RIBOZYMES Phosphoryl transfer ribozymes RNA replication and the RNA polymerase ribozyme Maintenance of genetic information in the first ribocell Ribozyme-catalyzed RNA recombination Engineering of hairpin ribozymes for RNA processing reactions Engineering of the Neurospora Varkud Satellite ribozyme for cleavage of non-natural stem-loop substrates Chemical modifications in natural and engineered ribozymes Ribozymes for regulation of gene expression Development of flexizyme aminoacylation ribozymes and their applications In vitro selected (deoxy)ribozymes that catalyze carbon-carbon-bond formation Nucleic acid catalyzed RNA ligation and labeling DNAZYMES The chemical repertoire of DNA enzymes Light-utilizing DNAzymes Applications of DNAzymes in computing and nanotechnology. RIBOZYMES AS TOOLS IN DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPY Optimization of antiviral ribozymes DNAzymes as Biosensors Compartmentalization-based technologies for in vitro selection and evolution of ribozymes and light-up RNA aptamers TOOLS AND METHODS TO STUDY RIBOZYMES Elucidation of ribozyme mechanisms at the example of the Pistol ribozyme Strategies for crystallization of natural ribozymes NMR spectroscopic investigation of ribozymes Studying Ribozymes with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Computational modeling methods for 3D structure prediction of ribozymes