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目次

Notes on Contributors. Preface. 1. Pre–Socratics, Fragments (c. 600???440 BC): The Birth of Philosophical Investigation. (T. M. Robinson). 2. Plato, Phaedo (c. 385 BC): The Soul's Mediation Between Corporeality and the Good (Kenneth Dorter). 3. Plato, Republic (c. 380 BC): The Psycho–politics of Justice. (C. D. C. Reeve). 4. Aristotle, Metaphysics (367???323 BC): Substance, Form, and God. (Michael J. Loux). 5. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics (367???323 BC): A Sort of Political Science. (T. H. Irwin). 6. Lucretius, De rerum natura (c. 99???55 BC): Breaking the Shackles of Religion (David Sedley). 7. Plotinus, Enneads (250???270): A Philosophy for Crossing Boundaries. (Dominic J. O'Meara). 8. Augustine, On Free Choice of the Will (388???395): Evil, God's Foreknowledge, and Human Free Will. (Gareth B. Matthews). 9. Augustine, Confessions (c. 400): Real–life Philosophy. (Scott MacDonald). 10. Boethius, The Consolation of Philosophy (c. 525): How Far Can Philosophy Console? (John Marenbon). 11. Anselm of Canterbury, Proslogion (c. 1078): On Thinking of That–than–which–a–Greater–Cannot–Be–Thought. (Jasper Hopkins). 12. Averroës, The Incoherence of ???The Incoherence??? (c. 1180): The Incoherence of the Philosophers. (Deborah L. Black). 13. Maimonides, The Guide of the Perplexed (c. 1190): The Perplexities of the Guide. (Alfred L. Ivry). 14. Thomas Aquinas, On Being and Essence (ante 1256): Toward a Metaphysics of Existence. (Jorge J. E. Gracia). 15. Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae (c. 1273): Christian Wisdom Explained Philosophically. (James F. Ross). 16. John Duns Scotus, Questions on the Metaphysics of Aristotle (c. 1300): A New Direction for Metaphysics. (Timothy B. Noone). 17. William of Ockham, Summa Logicae (c. 1324): Nominalism in Thought and Language. (Claude Panaccio). 18. Nicolas of Cusa, On Learned Ignorance (c. 1440): Byzantine Light en route to a Distant Shore. (Peter Casarella). 19. Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince (1513): Politics as the Pursuit of Power. Bjørn Thommessen). 20. Francisco de Vitoria, De Indis and De iure belli relectiones (1557): Philosophy Meets War. (Gregory M. Reichberg). 21. Francisco Suárez, Metaphysical Disputations (1597): From the Middle Ages to Modernity. (Jorge J. E. Gracia). 22. Francis Bacon, New Organon (1620): The Politics and Philosophy of Experimental Science. (Robert K. Faulkner). 23. René Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy (1641): Thought, Existence, and the Project of Science. (Emily R. Grosholz). 24. Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (1651): The Right of Nature and the Problem of Civil War. (Henrik Syse). 25. Benedict de Spinoza, Ethics (1677): The Metaphysics of Blessedness. (Don Garrett). 26. John Locke, Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690): An Empirical View of Knowledge and Reality. (Vere Chappell). 27. George Berkeley, Three Dialogues (1713): Idealism, Skepticism, Common Sense. (George Pappas). 28. G. W. Leibniz, Monadology (1714): What There Is in the Final Analysis. (Robert Sleigh). 29. Giambattista Vico, The New Science (1730/1744): The Common Nature of Nations. (Donald Phillip Verene). 30. David Hume, Treatise of Human Nature (1740): A Genial Skepticism, an Ethical Naturalism. (Fred Wilson). 31. Baron de Montesquieu, The Spirit of Laws (1748): From Political Philosophy to Political Science. (David W. Carrithers). 32. Jean–Jacques Rousseau, Of the Social Contract (1762): Transforming Natural Man into Citizen. (Richard Velkley). 33. Immanuel Kant, The Critique of Pure Reason (1781): A Lawful Revolution and a Coming of Age in Metaphysics. (Allen W. Wood). 34. Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785): Duty and Autonomy. (Andrews Reath). 35. Friedrich Schiller, The Aesthetic Education of Man in a Series of Letters (1795): The Play of Beauty as Means and End. (Daniel O. Dahlstrom). 36. G. W. F. Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit (1795): Thinking Philosophically Without Begging the Question. (Stephen Houlgate). 37. Karl Marx, The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844: Radical Criticism and Humanistic Vision. (William McBride). 38. Søren Kierkegaard, Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments (1846): Making Things Difficult for the System and for Christendom. (Merold Westphal). 39. John Stuart Mill, On Liberty (1859): The Rational Foundations of Individual Freedom. (G. W. Smith). 40. Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil (1886): Prelude to a Philosophy of the Future. (Richard Schacht). 41. Gottlob Frege, ???Über Sinn und Bedeutung??? (1892): A Fundamental Distinction. (Michael Dummett). 42. Edmund Husserl, Logical Investigations (1900–1901): From Logic through Ontology to Phenomenology. (David Woodruff Smith). 43. William James, Varieties of Religious Experience (1902): Dimensions of Concrete Experience: Sandra B. Rosenthal (Loyola University at New Orleans). 44. G. E. Moore, Principia Ethica (1903): Ethical Analysis and Aesthetic Ideals. (Thomas Baldwin). 45. Charles Sanders Peirce, 1903 Harvard Lectures on Pragmatism: The Practice of Inquiry. (Vincent Colapietro). 46. Bertrand Russell, ???On Denoting??? (1905) and ???Mathematical Logic as Based on the Theory Of Types??? (1908): Metaphysics to Logic and Back. (Stewart Shapiro). 47. Henri Bergson, Creative Evolution (1907): Analysis and Life. (F.C.T. Moore). 48. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico–philosophicus (1921): The Essence of Representation. (Hans–Johann Glock). 49. John Dewey, Experience and Nature (1925): What You See Is What You Get. (John McDermott). 50. Martin Heidegger, Being and Time (1927): Authentic Temporal Existence. (Bernard N. Schumacher). 51. Alfred North Whitehead, Process and Reality (1929): Scientific Revolutions and the Search for Covariant Metaphysical Principles. (George R. Lucas, Jr.). 52. Karl Popper, The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1934): Not Logic But Decision Procedure (Mariam Thalos). 53. Jean–Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness (1943): The Prodigious Power of the Negative. (Thomas R. Flynn). 54. Maurice Merleau–Ponty, Phenomenology of Perception (1945): How is the Third–person Perspective Possible? (Stephen Priest). 55. R. G. Collingwood, The Idea of History (1946): History as the Science of Mind. (Jonathan Rée). 56. Gilbert Ryle, The Concept Of Mind (1949): A Method and a Theory. (Laird Addis). 57. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations (1953): Clarity versus Pretension. (Newton Garver). 58. P. F. Strawson, Individuals: An Essay in Descriptive Metaphysics (1959): The Rehabilitation of Metaphysics. (David Bell). 59. W. V. Quine, Word and Object (1960): The Metaphysics of Meaning. (Randall Dipert). 60. J. L. Austin, How to Do Things with Words (1962): An Active View of Language. (Nicholas Fotion). 61. Thomas S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962): ???Relativism??? Hits the Headlines. (Endre Begby). Name Index. Subject Index.